What is the meaning of OBD-II code P0141, and what are the possible causes and solutions for this code to be generated?

The P0141 code is a standard diagnostic code used by the OBD-II system to indicate that the Engine Control Module has found an issue with the bank 1 sensor 2 oxygen sensor heater circuit. The code is triggered when the ECM has completed testing of the O2 sensor heater circuit. There are several possible causes for a P0141 code, such as: -A malfunctioning or worn-out downstream oxygen sensor that has traveled over 90,000 miles. -Leakages in the exhaust system before the downstream oxygen sensor. -An excessive amount of current flowing through the heater circuit for the bank 1 sensor 2 oxygen sensor resulting in incorrect voltage. -A high level of resistance in the connector, wiring, or heating element for the oxygen sensor. -Worn or damaged wiring connections. -A broken ground in the wiring harness. -A defective wiring harness. -A short circuit in the heating element. -A faulty catalytic converter. -Issues with the engine control module which is a rare occurrence. To diagnose the problem, a mechanic typically begins by checking the electrical connections and wire harness cover to the O2 bank 1 sensor 2. He then scans codes and records freeze frame data, clears the codes to verify the failure, and monitors the O2 sensor data to see if the heater circuit is functioning properly. Additionally, the mechanic checks the O2 sensor heater circuit for power and proper resistance and may also follow the manufacturer's specific pinpoint tests for a more in-depth diagnosis. The resolution to the P0141 code can differ depending on the root cause, which may include clearing the error codes and conducting a road test, replacing the O2 sensor for bank 1 sensor 2, replacing or fixing the wiring or connection to the O2 sensor for bank 1 sensor 2, or replacing the fuse for the O2 sensor heater circuit. Note that the heating circuit for bank 1 sensor 2 of the O2 sensor is designed to warm the internal components of that specific sensor only, and the problem can be pinpointed solely to that particular O2 sensor.